Korabl-Sputnik 1

Also known as Sputnik 4, this was the first test flight of the Vostok spacecraft. It was packed with instruments, a television system, and a life support system with a dummy of a man. It radioed back extensive telemetry. When attempting to deorbit, however, a bug in the guidance system caused it to be pointing backwards, so it raised its orbit instead. Its orbit finally decayed over 2 years later.