FY-1 (Feng Yun 1) is the first generation of Chinese polar-orbiting meteorological satellites, consisting of four satellites. They were operated by the CMA (China Meteorological Administration).

The three-axis stabilized satellites carried two MVISR (Multichannel Visible and IR Scanning Radiometer) as their prime instruments. The MVISR was developed and built by SITP (Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics). It consisted of the following elements: an optical scanner, image information processor, radiant cooler, and cooler controller. For the first two experimental missions, it was a 5-channel instrument, which was doubled to 10 channels for the two operational satellites.

The operational satellites also carried the HEPD (High Energy Particle Detector) to study the space environment.